Puebla Mexico

Puebla Mexico Temple Wiki

Quick Facts

ANNOUNCED
7 October 2018

ANNOUNCED BY
President Russell M. Nelson

GROUNDBREAKING
30 November 2019

GROUNDBREAKING PRESIDED BY
Elder Arnulfo Valenzuela

DEDICATED
19 May 2024

DEDICATED BY
Elder Gerrit W. Gong


DEDICATION ORDER
191

LOCATION
Av. 15 de Mayo # 719
Col. Los Cipreses
72114  Puebla, Puebla
Mexico

Additional Facts

#1

fact 1

#2

fact 2

#3

fact 3

Description

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History

The first branch in Puebla was organized in 1925, and despite their humble circumstances, members saved money to make the 96-hour bus trip back to and from the Mesa Arizona Temple when it began offering Spanish-language ordinances in 1945. Since 1983, they had been making the two-hour drive to the temple in Mexico City.

There are eleven stakes and two districts in the state of Puebla, located just east of Mexico City. Mexico is home to nearly 1.5 million Latter-day Saints.[1]”Twelve Temples Announced as October 2018 General Conference Closes,” The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints News Release, 7 Oct. 2018.

Announcement

Mexico’s fourteenth temple was announced on October 7, 2018, by President Russell M. Nelson at the close of the 188th Semiannual General Conference.

Mexico Temples at the time of Announcement

Announced

Under Construction

Dedicated

ANNOUNCED ORDER
196

Date2048 10 07
ByRussell M. Nelson
RolePresident
ViaGeneral Conference

โฎœPreceded by Yigo Guam
Followed by Auckland New Zealandโฎž

Location Announcement [Site Selection]

Render Released

The official rendering of the Puebla Mexico Temple was released to the public on September 24, 2019, in conjunction with the groundbreaking ceremony announcement.

Groundbreaking Announced

On on September 24, 2019 the First Presidency released the rendering and the date for the groundbreaking of the Puebla Mexico Temple.

Groundbreaking

The groundbreaking of the Puebla Mexico Temple was presided over by Elder Arnulfo Valenzuela, Mexico Area president, on 30 November 2019. Elder Rafael E. Pino and Elder John C. Pingree Jr. โ€” the first and second counselors, respectively, in the Mexico Area presidency โ€” were also in attendance.

During his remarks to the congregation, Elder Pino said, โ€œI assure you, dear neighbors, that the Church is going to be a good neighbor. This will be a place where you will feel peace, where holiness will radiate. This beautiful building will bring great improvements to the community. It will be a beautiful building, with very beautiful and clean gardens. We will be good neighbors without a doubt.โ€

GROUNDBREAKING ORDER
182

Date2019 11 30
ByArnulfo Valenzuela
RoleSeventy
Attendees#

โฎœPreceded by Saratoga Springs
Followed by Richmond Virginiaโฎž

Finial

capstone, moroni, finial

Construction Complete

Construction on the temple was completed in Spetmeber of 2023.[re]”Datos del Templo de Puebla, Mexico,” newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.com, 2024, v 2/23.[/ref]

Open House/Dedication announced

The First Presidency of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints released the open house and dedication dates for the Layton UtahPuebla Mexico, and the Urdaneta Philippines Temples on 11 December 2023. The groundbreaking ceremony date for the Knoxville Tennessee Temple, as well as the site location for the Antananarivo Madagascar Temple were announced as well.[2]โ€œOpen House and Dedication Dates Announced for Temples in Mexico Philippines Utah.โ€ newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org, 11 Dec. 2023, newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org/article/open-house-and-dedication-dates-announced-for-temples-in-mexico-philippines-utah.

Elder Gerrit W. Gong of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles will dedicate the Puebla Mexico Temple in two sessions on Sunday, May 19, 2024. The dedicatory sessions will be held at 10 a.m. and 1:30 p.m. CST.

A public open house will be Friday, March 29 through Saturday, April 20, 2024, excluding March 31, April 6, 7, and April 14. Before the public open house, a media day will be held on Monday, March 25, 2024. Invited guests will also tour the temple on Tuesday, March 26 through Thursday, March 28, 2024.

Open House

The public was invited to attend an open house from Friday, 29 March through Saturday, 20 April 2024, where over 60,000 guests toured the newly completed building. Before the public portion of the open house, a media day was held on Monday, March 25, and invited guest tours were held from Tuesday, March 26 through Thursday, March 28, 2024.[3]”Open House and Dedication Dates Announced for Temples in Mexico, the Philippines and Utah,” The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints News Release, 11 Dec. 2023.

Start Date2024 03 29
End Date2024 04 20
Days20
Attendees60,000
Per day3,000

Dedication

A little over a hundred years after the first baptism occurred in the city, Elder Gerrit W. Gong of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles dedicated the Puebla Mexico Temple on 19 May 2024.

In the backdrop of the Puebla Valley stand the twin volcanoes Popocatรฉpetl and Iztaccihuatl, both exceeding 17,000 feet in elevation, more than 10,000 feet above the city. An old Aztec legend says Iztaccihuatl was a princess who had fallen in love with Popocatรฉpetl, one of her fatherโ€™s warriors who was sent to war.

Falsely told that Popocatรฉpetl had perished in battle, Iztaccihuatl died in grief, believing the news. When the warrior returned, he took her body and knelt by her resting place โ€” there they were covered with snow and changed into mountains, with Popocatรฉpetl becoming an active volcano and still raging at the loss of his beloved Iztaccihuatl, which lies dormant.

Elder Gong said their towering presence represents โ€œthat universal yearning, a symbol of eternal love and a reminder that every heart yearns for the deepest family relationships to be eternal.โ€

Elder Gong focused his message during the dedicatory service on holiness, saying the purpose of the temple is for members to make covenants and receive ordinances that bring holiness into their lives.

โ€œWe are to come, to learn, to be sanctified and to become more like our Father in Heaven and His Son,โ€ Elder Gong said. โ€œIt is a very real invitation to bring holiness into our lives through the Atonement of Christ and service to others.โ€[4]Taylor, Scott. โ€œElder Gong Dedicates Puebla Mexico Temple, Emphasizing Holiness.โ€ Church News, 19 Dec. 2024, www.thechurchnews.com/temples/2024/05/20/puebla-mexico-temple-dedication-elder-gerrit-w-gong-holiness-covenants-christ.

DEDICATION ORDER
191

Date2024 04 19
ByGerrit W. Gong
RoleApostle
Sessions2
Attendees#

โฎœPreceded by Urdaneta Philippines
Followed by Taylorsville Utahโฎž

Dedicatory Prayer

Construction Duration

SpanDuration
Announced
to
Groundbreaking
1 y,
1 m,
23 d
Groundbreaking
to
Dedication
4 y,
5 m,
19 d
Announced
to
Dedication
5 y,
7 m,
12 d

Dedicatory Order

GLOBAL

191

REGION
N. AM.
122

COUNTRY
MEXICO
14

STATE
PUEBLA
1

COUNTY


CITY
PUEBLA
1

Summary

quick numbers on dedication order

Detail

Groundbreaking Announced

Teton River Idaho
Cleveland Ohio
Santa Cruz Bolivia
Ribeirรฃo Preto Brazil
Austin Texas

Announced

Presidents and Matrons

Temple PresidentTemple MatronYears Served
Francisco Javier Bravo MoisesLuz Marรญa Garza Davila de Bravo2024-

Details

Location

The Puebla Mexico Temple was constructed in the northwestern section of the city, just south of a highway interchange on a beautiful boulevard with a landscaped center island named 15 de Mayo.

Site

The outdoor fountain features such a ceramic interior, a limestone exterior and Pizarra Stone Blanco Olivo framing the pool area at ground level. Landscaping of the 6.81-acre temple grounds includes main walkways that are lined with sage, rosemary, lavender and local flowers such roses and birds-of-paradise.

The fountain is made up of ceramic from Local Talavera in the interior, limestone and stone white, framing the area at ground level. The tone of the tiles is based on the local crafts. It was designed by Soluciones in Piedra Franco.

The landscape architect was Susana Marรญn. The main walkways that lead toward the temple and meetinghouse are edged with sage, rosemary, lavender and flowers like roses and birds of paradise.

The arrow tipped fence along the front of the temple is bronze painted metal with a limestone basel.

Location

Av. 15 de Mayo # 719
Col. Los Cipreses
72114  Puebla, Puebla
Mexico

Latitude#
Longitude#

Phone

(+52) 222-686-8720

Elevation

FeetMeters
7,0022,134

Site

AcresHectares
6.822.8

Exterior

The Puebla Mexico Temple is a one-story building with a central tower and domed cupola above the entrance. It is a steel frame and structural concrete construction,

Cladding

Precast concrete and marble elements clad the exterior. Its designs and details draw from the cityโ€™s Hispano-American heritage, colonialist baroque aesthetic and local flowers, as well as the areaโ€™s well-known and well-recognized Talavera ceramics.

Windows

Holdman Studios, Utah, designed of the stained glass windows in the temple exterior. They were manufactured in its workshops in Baja California, Mexico. The design Is inspired by Mexican motifs and patterns from the local ceramics. The colors are inspired by the Talavera Poblana and the floral motifs are combined in a range of shaded colors blue, yellow, orange and green graduates with accents in cream and white, with the dahlia as the representative flower.

Exterior Finish

Precast Concrete.

Architectural Features

text

FeetMeters
Height101*30.95
To Shoulder##
Width##
Length##
Footprint##
HeadingCalc
*estimated, without Moroni

Symbolism

Inscription 1

Located just above the doors on the north side of the temple, this inscription is raised brass letters on a brass plate, with a raised edge around the border.

SANTIDAD AL SEร‘OR
LA CASA DEL SEร‘OR

OrderHoliness>House
LocationNorth side above door
LanguageSpanish
TypeRaised
ColorBrass
SettingInset
FontMichelangelo
Glyphnone
Church NameN
Temple NameN
DatesN
Inscription 2

Located at the base of the spire, high above the doors on the north most side of the temple, these letters are inscribed into the stone of the facade, and gilded.

“SANTIDAD AL
SEร‘OR

LA CASA DEL
SEร‘OR”

Order
Holiness>House
LocationNorth, spire base
LanguageSpanish
TypeEngraved
ColorGold
SettingFlush
FontMichelangelo
Glyphnone
Church NameN
Temple NameN
DatesN
Cornerstone

Located on the North east most corner, this inscription is on a panel slightly proud of the surface of the facade, with a chamfered edge. Made of the same material as the temple, the text is engraved and painted black.

ERIGADO

2024

LocationNorth East Corner
FacesNorth
MaterialMarble
SetOutset
EdgeChamfer
TypeEngraved
FinishBlack
LanguageSpanish

Spires and Finial

Spires

The Puebla Mexico Temple has a single spire, on the North Center end, directly above the entryway.

Spire Details

Spires1
LocationNorth Center
FinishTerracotta
Typedome
shapeoctagonal
Tower shapesquare

The finial for the Puebla Mexico Temple is a fiberglass replica of Karl Quilters 1982 Angel Moroni Statue. The statue was placed 18 November 2022, and faces North North East.

Sculptor:Karl Quilter
Commissioned:1978
Completed:1982
Material:Fiberglass
Height:7 ft (2.1 m)
Weight:~300 lbs (181.4 kg)
Currently On:105 temples
Finish:Gold
Placed:18 November 2022
Faces:North North East

Interior

Inside of the 35,861 square foot temple, the flooring and baseboard moldings consist of marble such as Crema Luna and Crema Devas for the main, neutral tones and Rojo Alicante and Amarillo Mares for the accents, with decorative details based on the Talavera motifs. The exterior and interior art glass shows the Mexican geometric motifs and patters of the local ceramics as well as the traditional colors โ€” the graduated scheme of blue, yellow, orange and green, with cream and white accents.

The crystal chandeliers were designed by Mallol in conjunction with Ciana Decorative Lighting, as well as some parts of the Swarovski catalog. These are located in the main rooms and the ordinances.

The interior trim is made of local mahogany wood from medium dark brown or inked in white. Mouldings, fixed furniture, doors and benches have been manufactured and installed by Jacobs Interiorismo in Mexico.

The doors are made of local mahogany wood, and the hardware were developed with FERSA and were personalized in Argentina. The doors were manufactured and installed by the local contractor Jacobs Interior Design.

Drywallwall ia used throughout the temple, and all patron areas are detailed with stone marble plinths featuring natural designs by Soluciones en Piedra Frank. The entrance, the baptistery and the ordinance rooms are adorned with panels of Natural Stone Marble and Wood Trim painted carving. Ceilings are mostly finished with plaster, with decorative moldings on the Main Ordinance Rooms. Also in the ordinance rooms are decorative gold leafing, as well as decorative paint in blue tones.

Area35,861 f2
(- m2)
Floors above grade1
Floors below Grade.5
Baptistries1
Initiatories6
Endowment Rooms4
Sealing Rooms3

Baptistry

The font railings are made of bronze and clear glass with wooden handrails. The metallic patterns are based on Mexican geometric motifs of ceramics handcrafted. They were manufactured by Belt Forge Metal Art.

Baptistries:1
Location:West Center
Exterior Windows:Yes
Artwork:Yes
Artwork Type:Framed, Opposing
Oxen:12
Type:1/4
Hoof:Visible
Color:Brass
Layout:3 spread each at Compass
Font Exterior:Beige
Interior:Gray Tile
Shape:Octagon
Bowl Shape:Octagon
Pillar:Reeds
Stairs:Single, Center
Font Well:Exterior
Initiatory Spaces

Styledetached*
Typestationary*
Rooms6*
*Estimated
Instruction Rooms

There are four instruction rooms in the Puebla Temple, arrayed around a central Celestial Room.

Rooms4
TypeStationary
Capacity35*
Muralsn
Total Muraled Rooms0
Mural Type
*Estimated
Celestial Room

The Celestial room of the temple is on the back center of the building.

Sealing Room

The sealing rooms are on the East side of the temple, opposite the Baptistry.

Sealing Rooms3
Largest Capacity50*
*estimated
Brides Room

Contractors

Architect

Mallol Arquitectos S.A. was the Architetct of Record for this temple project.

Projects by Mallol Arquitectos

ProjectYears
Panamรก City Panamรก2002-2008
San Pedro Sula Honduras2019
Torreon Mexico2021
Puebla Mexico2018-2024

Naylor Wentworth and Lund assisted with the design of this temple.

Projects by NWL Architects

ProjectsYears
St. George Utah (Work Order)unknown
Snowflake Arizona (Work Order)unknown
San Diego California (Work Order)unknown
Oklahoma City Oklahoma (Work Order)unknown
Johannesburg South Africa (Work Order)unknown
Dallas Texas (Work Order)unknown
Albuquerque New Mexico (Work Order)unknown
San Antonio Texas (Inspection)unknown
Lubbock Texas (Inspection)unknown
London England (Work Order)unknown
Preston England (Work Order)unknown
Taipei Taiwanunknown
Manila Philippinesunknown
Houston Texas Entryunknown
Guatemala City Guatemalaunknown
Santo Domingo Confirmation Roomunknown
Ft. Lauderdal Florida (Window Replacement)unknown
Sydney Australia Interiorsunknown
Orlando Florida (Window Replacement)unknown
Fr. Lauderdale Florida (B-room AV)unknown
Cleveland Ohiounknown
Idaho Falls (Baptistry)unknown
Colonia Juarez Mexico1999
Columbia South Carolina1999-2000
Winter Quarters Nebraska1999-2001
Columbia River Washington2000-2001
Panama City Panama2002-2008
Manhattan New York-2004
Apia Samoa [renovation]2002-2005
Santiago Chile2004-2006
Twin Falls Idaho (Interior)2005
Oquirrh Mountain Utah2005-2009
Papeete Tahiti [renovation]2005-2006
Nuku’alofa Tonga [renovation]2006-2007
Quetzaltenango Guatemala2006-2011
Cordoba Argentina2008-2015
Phoenix Arizona2008-2014
Buenos Aires Argentina [renovation]2009-2011
Lisbon Portugal2010-2019
St. Louis Missouri (Interior)2011
Columbia River Washington (Interior)2011
Barranquilla Colombia2011-2018
Durban South Africa2011-2020
Billings Montana (Interior)2012
St. Paul Minnesota (Interior) 2012
Idaho Falls Idaho [renovation]2014-2016
Concepciรณn Chile2015-2017
Yigo Guam2015-2017
Kinshasa DRC2016-2019
Jordan River Utah [renovation]2016-2018
Saratoga Springs2017-2023
Asunciรณn Paraguay [renovation]2017-2019
Hamilton New Zealand [renovation]2018-2022
Layton Utah2018-2024
Praia Cape Verde2018-2021
Red Cliffs Utah2018-2024
San Juan Puerto Rico2019-2023
Okinawa Japan2019-2023
Manti Utah (renovation)2019-2024
Puebla Mexico2019-2024
Antofagasta Chile2020-
Harare Zimbabwe2020-
Salta Argentina2020-2024
Coban Guatemala2020-2024
Auckland New Zealand2020-2025
Phnom Pehn Cambodia2021-
Niarobi Kenya2021-2025
Helena Montana2021-2023
Casper Wyoming [Interior]2021-2024
Burley Idaho2021-
Pago Pago American Samoa2021-
Neiafu Tonga2021-
Managua Nicaragua2022-
Bahรญa Blanca Argentina2022-
Miraflores Guatemala City Guatemala2022-
Port Vila Vanuatu2023-
Anchorage Alaska (reconstruction)2023-
Santa Cruz Bolivia2024-
Santiago West Chile2024-
Austin Texas2024-
Orlando Florida (renovation)2024-
Budapest HungaryTBD
RussiaTBD
Lagos NigeriaTBD
Brussells BelgiumTBD
Savai’i SamoaTBD
Luanda AngolaTBD
Vina del Mar ChileTBD
West Jordan UtahTBD

Project Manager

[without additional version]

text

General Contractor

Haskel Construction was the General Contractor for this temple.

Projects by Haskell Construction

ProjectYears
Tijuana Mexico2010
Urdaneta Philippines2010
Barranquilla Columbia2011
Alabang Philippines2017
Puebla Mexico2018
Bacolod Philippines2019
Davao Philippines2019
Quito Ecuador2019
Casper Wyoming2021
Helena Montana2021
Puebla Mexico2019-2024
Cody Wyoming2020
Casper Wyoming2024
San Luis Potosi Mexico2024
Wichita Kansas2024

Other Contractor

Region

Baja California 1Tijuana 
Chiapas 1Tuxtla Gutierrez 
Chihuahua3Chihuahua ยท Ciudad Juรกrez ยท Colonia Juรกrez
Coahuila 1Torreon
Hidalgo 2Pachuca ยท Tula
Jalisco 1Guadalajara 
Mexico City2Mexico City Benemerito ยท Mexico City
Morelos 1Cuernavaca 
New Lion 1Monterrey 
Oaxaca 2Oaxaca ยท Juchitรกn de Zaragoza
Puebla 1Puebla 
Queretaro 1Querรฉtaro 
Quinta Roo1Cancรบn
San Luis Potosi 1San Luis Potosi 
Sinaloa 1Culiacan 
Sonora 1Hermosillo Sonora
State of Mexico 1Toluca 
Tabasco 1Villahermosa
Tamaulipas 2Reynosa ยท Tampico
Veracruz 1Veracruz 
Yucatan 1Merida 
Canada11Calgary ยท Cardston ยท Edmonton ยท Halifax ยท Lethbridge ยท Montreal ยท Regina ยท Toronto ยท Vancouver ยท Victoria ยท Winnipeg
Costa Rica1San Josรฉ
Dominican Republic1Santiago ยท Santo Domingo
El Salvador1San Salvador ยท Santa Ana
Guatemala6Cobรกn ยท Guatemala City ยท Huehuetenango ยท Miraflores Monterrey ยท Guatemala City ยท Quetzaltenango ยท Retalhuleu
Haiti1Port-au-Prince ยท
Honduras2Tegucigalpa ยท San Pedro Sula
Mexico27Cancรบn ยท Chihuahua ยท Ciudad Juรกrez ยท Colonia Juรกrez ยท Cuernavaca ยท Culiacan ยท Guadalajara ยท Hermosillo Sonora ยท Juchitรกn de Zaragoza ยท Merida ยท Mexico City Benemerito ยท Mexico City ยท Monterrey ยท Oaxaca ยท Pachuca ยท Puebla ยท Querรฉtaro ยท Reynosa ยท San Luis Potosi ยท Tampico ยท Tijuana ยท Toluca ยท Torreon ยท Tula ยท Tuxtla Gutierrez ยท Veracruz ยท Villahermosa
Nicaragua1Managua
Panama1Panama City
Puerto Rico1San Juan
United States158Albuquerque ยท Anchorage ยท Atlanta ยท Austin ยท Bakersfield ยท Baton Rouge ยท Bentonville ยท Billings ยท Birmingham ยท Bismarck ยท Boise ยท Boston ยท Bountiful ยท Brigham City ยท Burley ยท Caldwell ยท Casper ยท Cedar City ยท Charlotte ยท Chicago ยท Cincinnati ยท Cleveland ยท Cody ยท Coeur dโ€™Alene ยท Colorado Springs ยท Columbia ยท Columbia River ยท Columbus ยท Dallas ยท Denver ยท Des Moines ยท Deseret Peak ยท Detroit ยท Draper ยท El Paso ยท Elko ยท Ephraim ยท Fairbanks ยท Fairview ยท Farmington ยท Feather River ยท Flagstaff ยท Fort Collins ยท Fort Lauderdale ยท Fort Worth ยท Fresno ยท The Gila Valley ยท Gilbert ยท Grand Junction ยท Grand Rapids ยท Greenville ยท Harrisburg ยท Hartford ยท Heber Valley ยท Helena ยท Honolulu ยท Houston South ยท Houston ยท Huntsville ยท Idaho Falls ยท Indianapolis ยท Jacksonville ยท Jordan River ยท Kahului ยท Kansas City ยท Knoxville ยท Kona ยท Laie ยท Las Vegas ยท Layton ยท Lehi ยท Lindon ยท Logan ยท Lone Mountain ยท Los Angeles ยท Louisville ยท Lubbock ยท Manhattan ยท Manti ยท McAllen ยท Medford ยท Memphis ยท Meridian ยท Mesa ยท Milwaukee ยท Missoula ยท Modesto ยท Monticello ยท Montpelier ยท Moses Lake ยท Mount Timpanogos ยท Nashville ยท Nauvoo ยท Newport ยท Norfolk ยท Oakland ยท Ogden ยท Oklahoma City ยท Oquirrh Mountain ยท Orem ยท Orlando ยท Palmyra ยท Payson ยท Philadelphia ยท Phoenix ยท Pittsburgh ยท Pocatello ยท Portland M ยท Portland O ยท Price ยท Provo City Center ยท Provo Rock Canyon ยท Queen Creek ยท Raleigh ยท Rapid City ยท Red Cliffs ยท Redlands ยท Reno ยท Rexburg ยท Richmond ยท Roanoke ยท Sacramento ยท Salt Lake ยท San Antonio ยท San Diego ยท San Jose ยท Saratoga Springs ยท Seattle ยท Smithfield ยท Snowflake ยท Spanish Fork ยท Spokane ยท Springfield ยท St. George ยท St. Louis ยท St. Paul ยท Star Valley ยท Summit ยท Syracuse ยท Tacoma ยท Tallahassee ยท Tampa ยท Taylorsville ยท Teton River ยท Tucson ยท Tulsa ยท Twin Falls ยท Vancouver ยท Vernal ยท Washington D.C. ยท West Jordan ยท Wichita ยท Willamette Valley ยท Winchester ยท Winter Quarters ยท Yorba Linda ยท Yuma

References

References
1 ”Twelve Temples Announced as October 2018 General Conference Closes,” The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints News Release, 7 Oct. 2018.
2 โ€œOpen House and Dedication Dates Announced for Temples in Mexico Philippines Utah.โ€ newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org, 11 Dec. 2023, newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org/article/open-house-and-dedication-dates-announced-for-temples-in-mexico-philippines-utah.
3 ”Open House and Dedication Dates Announced for Temples in Mexico, the Philippines and Utah,” The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints News Release, 11 Dec. 2023.
4 Taylor, Scott. โ€œElder Gong Dedicates Puebla Mexico Temple, Emphasizing Holiness.โ€ Church News, 19 Dec. 2024, www.thechurchnews.com/temples/2024/05/20/puebla-mexico-temple-dedication-elder-gerrit-w-gong-holiness-covenants-christ.

Last updated on: 25 August 2025